A Critical Analysis Of Itc Distribution Channel Marketing Essay

A Critical Analysis Of Itc Distribution Channel Marketing Essay Conceptual Distribution channel is having a significant job in situating of the item since we realize that dissemination channel is apparatus by which we can make arrive at our item to the last shoppers. That’s why choosing a circulation channel is a significant part of building an upper hand for organizations of each size. Appropriation channels incorporate your own immediate deals power, retailers, wholesalers and the Internet. The correct circulation direct guarantees that clients in various areas around the nation, or around the globe, can purchase your items and get the correct degree of administration from your organization. To choose the correct dissemination channel for your business, you have to think about what as a channel can offer, including area and reach, abilities and assets, the board expenses and level of control. This is a task to consider, examine and report the conveyance channel of the FMCG mammoth ITC. The task would take help of different wellsprings of optional information about the association; it’s working regarding dispersion channels it utilizes and the administration of these diverts so as to remain serious and universal against rivalry. For that we have investigated the association and its product offerings on a full scale level and basic examination of appropriation channel for a particular product offering. In that manner we would have the option to learn what are quality and shortcomings of the given appropriations channel. We have likewise drawn out specific similitudes and differences among ITC’s and different FMCG’s dispersions channel to assist us with including a few proposals toward the finish of the report on how the capability of the conveyance channel and its effectiveness can be improved. Substance Introduction †ITC was joined on August 24, 1910 under the name Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited. As the Company’s proprietorship dynamically Indianised, the name of the Compa ny was changed from Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited to India Tobacco Company Limited in 1970 and afterward to I.T.C. Restricted in 1974. In acknowledgment of the Company’s multi-business portfolio including a wide scope of organizations †Fast Moving Consumer Goods containing Foods, Personal Care, Cigarettes and Cigars, Branded Apparel, Education and Stationery Products, Incense Sticks and Safety Matches, Hotels, Paperboards and Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology †the full stops in the Company’s name were evacuated compelling September 18, 2001. The Company presently stands rechristened ‘ITC Limited’. In spite of the fact that the initial six many years of the Company’s presence were essentially dedicated to the development and combination of the Cigarettes and Leaf Tobacco organizations, the Seventies saw the beginnings of a corporate change that would introduce pivotal changes in the life of th e Company. Key milestones in history of ITC constrained 1925 †Packaging and Printing Business was set up as a key in reverse reconciliation for ITC’s Cigarettes business 1975 - Launch of Hotels business with the securing of a lodging in Chennai which was rechristened ‘ITC-Welcomgroup Hotel Chola’ 1979 †ITC entered the Paperboards businessâ by advancing ITC Bhadrachalam Paperboards Limited 1985 †Surya Tobacco Co. set up in Nepal as an Indo-Nepal and British joint endeavor.

Social Media Benefits In Education English Language Essay

Web-based social networking Benefits In Education English Language Essay In todays mechanical condition, it is significant that educators attempt their best to utilize this inventive innovation. As clarified by Thaker, this innovation can be utilized to encourage correspondence between the understudies and the instructors. Be that as it may, this new type of correspondence can likewise help guardians in engaging in the learning of their kids. One method of upgrading this correspondence is using online life (Bienstock, 2012) (Thaker, 2011). There are various long range informal communication locales that can be utilized. Facebookâ [1]â , Twitterâ [2]â , Edmodoâ [3]â , LinkedIn [4] , Twiducateâ [5]â , Classroom 2.0â [6]â and Google+â [7]â are only not many of the existent online networking that one can utilize in instruction. These media are as a rule continually utilized by nearly everybody on regular premise. The outcomes got from Pingdom (2012) on the socioeconomics of 24 distinctive web based life destinations show that these media are being utilized by various people in various age gatherings. Truth be told, the investigation shows that even young people are utilizing such media (Pingdom, 2012). In any case, one may contend, would it be advisable for us to utilize such media in training, despite the fact that we are aware of the issues and issues identified with such media? Anyway others may reason that we can't simply take out the utilization of such a significant and effectively available asset. Bienstock (2012) makes reference to the New York Times article in which Ms. Pust states I imagine that we would accomplish all the more great guarding kids by showing them how to utilize these instruments and explore this online world as opposed to securing it and imagining that it isn't in our domain. (Pre ston, 2011 in Bienstock, 2012) In the accompanying segments, we will talk about the points of interest that online life offers in the zone of training. Be that as it may, we are likewise going to bring up the issues that these media may present and how to adapt and oversee them. Internet based life Benefits in Education Understudies Create relational abilities understudies can increase social certainty from online connection, which may assist them with having a sense of safety in new circumstances Increment aptitude in innovation understudies become increasingly acquainted with new and developing advancements, just as increment their media education through introduction to various sorts of online media Since numerous understudies as of now utilize these types of innovation, they might be progressively occupied with learning on the off chance that they use it Online people group can be various and open understudies to numerous new view focuses, thoughts, and suppositions Internet based life can likewise be a source to expand ability to chip away at bunch ventures Understudies can build up a hopeful picture of themselves by putting best characteristics out there Improved Collaboration securing data can be practiced by understudies alone. Be that as it may, critical thinking aptitudes are frequently better improved in a communitarian domain. Web based life permit understudies to cooperate on ventures past a people ability Instructors and Schools Expanded access to assets since learning materials can be shared Cooperation among instructors and trading of exercise plans and data Can arrive at guardians who are unable to come to class in a modest and viable manner Can frame organizations with schools in different states or nations Improved Flipping Social media can be utilized to upgrade the educator understudy relationship. Understudies see recorded talks or read curricular material outside the homeroom. Inside the homeroom, understudies total what generally qualifies as schoolwork. Educators go about as guides, helping understudies through issue zones in their work. Modernize Discussions through internet based life educator can credit understudies for in-class support. This expects instructor to screen which understudies are making some noise when. Impart Between Classes Teachers can convey declarations, share thoughts or suggest conversation starters to students, particularly when classes are separated a few days separated. How well are schools utilizing internet based life? (Harrison, 2012) Triumphs Difficulties Causing safe networks a few locales to permit instructors to control online situations consequently lessening threats related with web based life Absence of information a schools internet based life record ought to be overseen by somebody who comprehends online life Empowering coordinated effort understudies can study and remark on every others assignments. They can without much of a stretch work in groups on the web and asking instructors inquiries or beginning a conversation is simple Absence of highlights absence of commitment for understudies can cause them to feel as though the school doesnt care. Highlights ought to remember one-for one association Greeting to deliver content internet based life can welcome understudies and schools to create content for both selected and planned understudies. This can show the schools character In excess of a nearness an internet based life profile requires day by day upkeep and communication with understudies The NCF (Ministry of Education, Employment and Family 2011) contends that proficiency, numeracy and advanced proficiency are the establishments for additional learning. Our understudies are computerized locals regardless. For us as instructors we need to acknowledge this and endeavor it to convey the subject substance to our understudies. Understudies and Social Media Our understudies are persistently imparting through internet based life, in Malta the most mainstream one being Facebook. Would we be able to stop this? No we can not as out understudies are outfitted with workstations, tablets, iPads, cell phones all giving simpler access to interpersonal organizations. Presenting online networking in training isn't a simple advance, as referenced before understudies are consistently utilizing it with the majority of them overlooking the potential outcomes. At the point when the subject is moved toward just on a hypothetical level understudies imagine that it will never transpire, for them there is nothing incorrectly transferring any sort of photographs to seem cool with their companions. They can not see that once a photograph is accessible on the Internet is accessible to anyone despite the fact that they select the Only Friends choice. Web based life Problems and How to Minimize Them? The best way to manage this issue is through instructive recordings that outline different circumstances which adolescents ended up in light of the fact that they didnt realize it could transpire. An educator can begin by indicating these two recordings http://viewpure.com/nOUu1fldBbI and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hK5OeGeudBMfeature=channel and talk about a lot of inquiries with the understudies to inspire significant focuses from the two recordings; the transferring of photographs, anybody can watch your photographs without you monitoring it. Understudies should be taught towards online life. They have a device in their grasp, they consider realizing how to utilize it however the majority of them dont. Instructors and guardians need to comprehend we can't stop the online networking publicity. We as instructors need to teach about this apparatus. What can turn out badly? Numerous understudies pose the inquiries: What can turn out badly? These are a portion of the appropriate responses that we as teachers need to give: Cyberbullying (CEOP, 2007):: By utilizing innovation like mobiles or the web, this sort of harassing can influence somebody at school, however at home too. Since it happens in the virtual world, it has an every minute of every day nature and can cause somebody to feel annoyed or undermined in their own home. Understudies ought to be instructed that this sort of tormenting can be prove. With digital harassing they can spare content/messages/WebPages, print them and utilized as a proof to get the domineering jerk. Sexting: Someone taking a profane picture of themselves, and sending it to their companions or kid/sweetheart by means of a cell phone or some other type of innovation is in some cases alluded to as sexting. When these pictures have been taken and sent to other people, control is lost of them and they can wind up anywhere.â They could be seen by loved ones, a future manager, or even, now and again, end up in the ownership a guilty party! This additionally puts individual who initially sent the pictures in a powerless position (CEOP, 2007):, as someone they might possibly realize now has these pictures and could utilize innovation to menace, bother or even attempt to find them as found in the recordings. Understudies must be taught to think Do I need my classmates to see these photographs, my family? Hacking: Students ought to consistently pick the Log Out choice so their record can not be hacked. Bogus Identity: People arent consistently legitimate with what their identity is, their age or what they resemble. Understudies must be portion of whom they are affirming as a companion. It is extremely simple to lie on the Internet and it is highly unlikely of knowing whether somebody is coming clean. Regardless of whether somebody shows them a photograph of themselves, this could be an image of another person or could be faked. This applies to webcam or video film as well; seeing an individual in a video, doesn't mean it is them. Understudies must be instructed not to meet individuals they experienced over the Internet. Compulsion: One must know about the time and exertion spent in building up associations. It is anything but difficult to get dependent, for a few, these locales become one of the significant concerns (CEOP, 2007). This can effectsly affect a people capacity to work proficiently and influences ones wellbeing also. Some of the time the best exercise to instruct our understudies isn't through hypothesis however giving them undeniable realities. For instance this article http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2201064/Man-murders-young lady 16-affirm assaulting years-agolured-demise presenting high schooler Facebook.html portrays the tale of a young lady slaughtered by her attacker before she could affirm against him. He acted like an adolescent kid on Facebook and disclosed to Shania Gray (the person in question) he really liked her and they consented to meet. He took her to a segregated park and shot her (Pullman, 2012). Everybody has a Facebook account why shouldnt I? Our general public, teachers, guardians can't escape the truth that web based life are a piece of our way of life. The group of people yet to come are moving toward their lives distinctively as they incorporate

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essays

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essays Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay first coevals biofuels, the feedstocks are other than utilized as supplement collects and are essentially used to deliver biodiesel and bioethanol. These biofuels are straight delivered and prepared simple from the biofuel harvests or workss, for example, rapeseed, sunflower, sugar stick, maize and so on. The second coevals biofuels are created from works lignocellulosic stuff. Bioethanol is produced by treating the lignocellulosic works stuff. Numerous enduring grasses, poplar, willow, ranger service, horticultural waste stocks and so on are other than used to deliver this second coevals biofuels. The third coevals biofuels are created from green growth which may non strive with supplement harvests, doing it extremely practical and all the more encouraging to be utilized. In any case, the second coevals and to a great extent the third coevals is non yet monetarily possible as the building is acceptable development and it is as yet experiencing improvement ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . This exposition will be taking a gander at the imaginable impacts or effect of biofuels on biodiversity viz. the effect on home ground, sway on C isolation, sway on H2O quality and measure, effect of expanded synthetic utilization, and effect of ranger service and rural waste on biodiversity. This exposition will other than quickly articulation at an occasion overview of biofuel sway in Netherlands. 2. Biofuel likely impacts on biodiversity The expansion in biofuel request and utilization has lead to a few natural effects that may result in either negative or positive effects on biodiversity. Biofuels can decidedly affect as a practical inexhaustible start of vitality, contingent upon its creation strategy, and can other than hold a negative effect, contingent upon the maintainability of its turn of events. Bioefuel has a positive power for cleaner fills, and more prominent opportunities for financial developing for provincial networks and for husbandmans ( Pimentel and Patzek, 2007 ) . The significant effect of biofuel on biodiversity is land-use modification ( Koh, 2007 ) , and in situation where biofuel will gracefully significant piece of planetary vitality, this will countervail the conceivable extenuation of clime change because of reduction in green house gas spread, by encroaching additional terrains to deliver biofuel. Biofuel feedstocks picks, development designs, and the sort of land that it is developed on, will locate the positive or negative effect on biodiversity ( UNEP, 2008 ) . Effect on Habitat Harvests developed in deforested nation or debased terrains with diminished soil developed land and farming contributions to gracefully feedstock for biofuel creation might affect biodiversity emphatically by reproducing home ground and biological system map ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . Turning lasting species for biofuel feedstocks other than have positive biodiversity sway than one-year monoculture planting, as certain works or reap rotating movement for biofuel feedstock can be beneficial for certain works species, butterfly, winged animals and a few creatures and so on ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . The most significant reason for negative biodiversity sway all inclusive is Habitat misfortune ( MEA, 2005 ) , and this could occur as an outcome of biofuel feedstocks creation supplanting other land usages, having negative effect on biodiversity. The expansion in feedstock creation could be influenced in a roundabout way taking to augmentation use of land, this is found in the example where expansion in maize money related qualities for delineation in US has lead to husbandmans trading more land region of land from other reap land utilization to the development of more maize ( Pimentel et al. , 2009 ) or direct augmentations of developed nations which further increments natural surroundings misfortune. For outline, forested nations, peatlands, fields and wetland can be infringed for biofuel feedstock creation. This can be found in South-East Asia, where expansion sought after for palm oil for the creation of biodiesel has lead to a solid and expanded deforestation, seting power per unit zone on assigned conservation nations ( Koh, 2007 ) . Other than in Brazil, requests for expansion in the creation of soy bean and sugar stick for biofuel has lead to solid loss of biodiversity in Cerrado and the Amazon downpour woodland ( Costa et al. , 2007 ) . Effect on Carbon Sequestration Land-use change due to biofuel feedstock collect can other than follow up on C dioxide spread ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . For delineation feedstock estate for bioenergy on defiled land could expand the isolation of C, mitigating the planetary warming effect because of atmosphere adjustment ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . Nonetheless, where enormous foundation of the enduring feedstock species for biofuel still stays in the earth after harvest, the entirety of C in the soil may be expanded as an outcome of abundance C being discharged from the roots to the earth. The utilization of supportable horticultural examples and high assorted variety reap revolving movement frameworks on debased land can other than increment C isolation as a result of expanding soil natural issue ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . Likewise, biofuels created from waste and deposits stocks could hold no negative significant effect on biodiversity and clime change as land utilization modification is non required for the creation of the feedstock ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . Biofuel feedstock ranch built up on C rich earth or forested land will significantly refute and out gauge the cleaner fuel from biofuel created using manageable creation by let go ofing solid nursery gases breathing as an outcome of land-use modification and feedstock creation. Systems influencing seepage of peatlands, wetlands and dale of grounds by fire for biofuel feedstock manor can be ruinous regarding air quality and nursery gas radiations ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) . For delineation in south-east Asia, because of popularity in palm oil creation, peatlands has other than been depleted to run into the imprint and as a result, it has been assessed that up to 100 metric huge amounts of carbon-dioxide are discharges in a twelvemonth for each hectare and terminating the peatlands pairs or three-fair hits this worth ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) , adversely affecting both subterranean or more biodiversity. In south-east Asia, United States and Brazil, it has been found through surveies that change overing peatlands, downpour woodlands and prairies for the estate of harvest based biofuel feedstocks ( first coevals feedstocks ) table.1, makes carbon obligation by bring forthing carbon-dioxide 17-420 times more than the nursery gas one-year diminishes determined by supplanting dodo fuel utilization with biofuels ( Fargione et al, 2008 ) . Water Quality and Quantity Impact Bioenergy collect creations other than have impacts on H2O quality and handiness. Surveies have indicated that biofuel feedstock creation most especially reap feedstocks or first coevals biofuel feedstocks ( table.1 ) sway H2O assets contrarily ( Berndes, 2002 ) . For representation biofuel harvests like sugar stick, oil thenar, maize and so on requires enormous entirety of H2O for its productiveness and other biofuel feedstock harvests with more prominent water-use productiveness, for example, coconut and sugar Beta vulgaris can set power per unit region on the H2O plain cluster ( Shepard, 2006 ) . There are other than occurrences of horrible H2O contamination, destructing amphibian life because of builds development and creation of biofuel feedstock. In 2007, the planetary nature subsidize named the Pantanal in Brazil the A ; acirc ; ˆ?threatened pool of the twelvemonth 2007 A ; acirc ; ˆA? because of H2O run trip from soya bean Fieldss, developed at the catchments of this lake as a result of expanded interest and development of biofuel feedstock ( Global Nature Fund, 2007 ) In Malaysia each piece great, Palm Oil Mill Effluent ( POME ) , buildup of biofuel handling from palm oil is the significant contamination release into the Malayan waterways ( Ahmad et al. , 2006 ) . On the positive note, a portion of the biofuel feedstock harvests may be utilized in one of the bioremediation techniques or phyto-remediation of sullied H2O endeavors ( Berndes, 2002 ) . Increment Chemical use Impact on Biodiversity Extension of terrains for the creation of biofuel feedstocks with homogenous trimming has lead to the expanded use of compound applications like pesticides to order plague what's more most especially more composts to build the soil nourishment and feedstock yields has brought about the expanded radiation of N from earth which is the significant transmission start of azotic oxide universe wide ( MEA, 2005 ) . This azotic oxide has truly elevated planetary warming potencies more noteworthy than that of carbon-dioxide. The expansion use of manure, if practical examples are non kept up to hinder draining and eutrophicating nourishments spread, can result in the expanded eutrophication of sea-going and terrestrial biological system and along these lines following to loss of biodiversity ( MEA, 2005 ) . Thusly, using trees and enduring or second coevals biofuel feedstock harvests ( table.1 ) , lessens the utilization of agrochemicals and as an outcome impacts the earth and biodiversity decidedly. Obtrusive Speciess Impact There is other than worry for obtrusive species presentation to the biological system due to biofuel feedstock creation ( Raghu et al, 2006 ) . A portion of the second coevals biofuel feedstock creations, for example, woody species and grasses ( table.1 ) have intrusive species qualities which incorporate long overhang period, quick developing and high H2O utilization productiveness. It is expected that these biofuel feedstock har

Sexuality and Sexul Orientation - 275 Words

Sexuality and Sexul Orientation (Essay Sample) Content: Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Name of Student University Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Gender, culture and age have a significant influence on sexuality and sexual orientation of people. Concerning gender, males and females have different sex hormones: estrogens for females and androgens for their male counterparts. Nevertheless, the continuum of sexual orientation has seven levels ranging from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual (Santrock, 2009, p. 508). Research further indicates that men think about sex more than women do. In fact, men think about sex everyday while women think about it only a few times a week. This implies that men are more sexually active than women. Cultural factors also influence sexual orientations. This is because sexual values vary across cultures. Some cultures repress sex while others are more liberal. The people of Ines Beag consider some sexual pleasures such as tongue kissing and masturbation as abnormal (Santrock, 2009, p. 506). Their men avoid sexual instances and only do it at night for the shortest possible time. People in such a culture do not develop their sexual identities. On the other hand, the Mangaian culture is more liberal towards sex. There is also the concept of the narrative of silence (Weststrate, 2010, p. 228). In most societies, a heterosexual narrative prevails, silencing the gay or lesbian narrative. In such an environment, gays adopt duplicity of character whereby their personal self is different from their public self. This is because most societies marginalize any sexual orientation that deviates from the norm. Lastly, people develop their sexual identities at an early age. I...

The Definition of Justice Essay - 860 Words

The Republic by Plato examines many aspects of the human condition. In this piece of writing Plato reveals the sentiments of Socrates as they define how humans function and interact with one another. He even more closely Socrates looks at morality and the values individuals hold most important. One value looked at by Socrates and his colleagues is the principle of justice. Multiple definitions of justice are given and Socrates analyzes the merit of each. As the group defines justice they show how self-interest shapes the progression of their arguments and contributes to the definition of justice. The topic of justice first comes about through a conversation between Socrates and Cephalus. The two are reflecting upon their old age,†¦show more content†¦Socrates then tries to refute this by examining Polemarchus thought processes. He asks the question of how one can tell if someone is good or bad, as well as how can a just man do harm to another. The two agree that Polemarchus views do not truly define justice. The debate moves on as Thrasymachus tries to define justice. Thrasymachus makes two critical points in his argument. He first says that justice is the advantage of the stronger. Thus the rulers govern on their own behalf. However Socrates shows that in fact the rulers are at the mercy of their subjects and make decisions that can be good or bad for the people and it is the right of the people to follow these actions or not. He states that no knowledge considers or prescribes for the advantage of the stronger, but for that of the weaker, which it rules. [342d] At this point Thrasymachus gets angered by Socrates exactness. In his anger he states that injustice is more profitable than justice. He defends this by saying that people condemn injustice for the simple fact that they dont want to suffer from it. This fear of injustice shows that it is more advantageous than injustice. 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A Short Note On Thalassemia And Its Effects On The Body

Introduction One of the major causes of microcytic anemia is Thalassemia. It is a very common hereditary blood disorder where the proteins called hemoglobin, which are located in red blood cells and have the function of carrying oxygen, are abnormally formed. It is mainly because of an imbalance in the production of alpha or beta globin. To be normal, one must have an equal production of both alpha and beta globin in their body. However, when the body does not produce this in equal proportions, it causes a condition such an Anemia. Anemia is a disorder where your body does not have enough healthy red blood cells to transport enough oxygen in the body. The Thalassemia disease is caused due a genetic mutation, or a deletion on very certain key genes. History Dating back to the early 1900s was when Sickle cell disease was first discovered. Studies from different Pathologist and researchers concluded the abnormal shapes of hemoglobin, which back then was referred to as â€Å"hemoglobin S†, caused that sickle cell disease. This disease however was only understood at a biomechanical level, researchers had only grasped the concept that the changing shape of the hemoglobin was due to the change in a single amino acid error in hemoglobin S. Any progress in this field was only developed in the early 1970s during the civil right movements. The only reason that there was no significant research that was done in the field back then especially in the United States of America was because theShow MoreRelatedPediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary5211 Words   |  21 Pagesvaccination * Passive immunity naturally acquired – * Passive immunity artificially acquired -- c. Childhood communicable diseases Viral Exanthems (w/ rashes) * Roseola – (6mo – 3yr of age) from page 1061 and notes (Ch 38) * (Exanthem Subitum) * Agent: Human herpesvirus 6 * Source: Unknown – possibly from saliva of healthy adult; entry via nasal, buccal or conjunctival mucosa * Incubation period: 5-15 days * Communicable: Febrile period Read MoreSocial Work Assessment At Baseline6383 Words   |  26 Pagesat the laboratory. This would not allow for immediate intervention and application of the take-home dose contingency framework. Therefore, interventions related to pregabalin positive screens were postponed to the following visit. It is important to note that providing immediate ramifications are among the criteria reported for effective contingency management. This was not the case for other substances of use, and might partially contribute to explaining why percentage negative pregabalin screens

Blood Banks Are Getting Safer Essay Research free essay sample

Blood Banks Are Geting Safer Essay, Research Paper THE RED CROSS REPORTS BLOOD BANKS ARE SAFER THAN EVER As interpreter for the American Red Cross, I would wish to turn to the public s quickly turning concern over our state s blood supply. The population of our state must slake their frights sing taint of our blood supply from the AIDS virus and hepatitis. Since the early 19th century the United States has used endovenous disposal from a giver to a receiver for blood transfusions. The Red Cross prerequisites for safeguarded and dependable blood transfusions involves cognition of giver showing and choice, and most significantly proving for the presence of antibodies for AIDS, and proving for retroviral infections specifically Hepatitis B. Initially, safety in blood transfusions translates into extremely effectual giver showing and choice, every bit good as pretransfusion proving for the presence of catching and infective diseases in the giver s blood. We will write a custom essay sample on Blood Banks Are Getting Safer Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today blood transfusions are one of medical specialties safest processs in comparing to American s deceasing from Salmonella in bad poulet or complications from a general anaesthesia ( Blood Supply Safer 16 ) . Likewise, the United States volunteer blood aggregation plan lowers the likeliness of septic givers. Epidemiologists recognize bad groups at blood Bankss sequestering them which enables their aggregations to be individually tested ( Measures to Protect Blood Supply 31 ) . A safeguard for all blood givers limits contribution frequence to five times a twelvemonth which is tantamount to 480 milliliter or one pint of blood every eight hebdomads forestalling the increased incidence of Fe lacks ( Encarta 96 ) . The Red Cross collects all blood into unfertile bags incorporating decoagulants and preservative foods to forestall taint with extra samples sent for stringent control proving. At the present clip their is no conclusive man-made replacing for blood or ruddy blood cells, ther efore the compatibility of antigens, RH factors, antibodies, and disease free transfused blood does and will go on to guarantee high endurance rates. The American Red Cross blood bank installations collect and determine the blood type and procedure the stored blood under unfertile conditions, delegating a uniquely single saloon codification figure labeled on each unit of blood ( Encarta 96 ) . Blood antigens, grouping, and matching antibodies are characteristically screened through an expeditiously coordinated process in regional and community blood centres and research labs throughout the state. Due to this differentiated, precise blood typewriting and designation, wrong assignment of blood from giver to receiver is highly rare. The control samples are sent on for extra viral testing for the AIDS virus and Hepatitis B prior to let go of of any blood merchandises. Today America s authorities and blood Bankss are prepared to cover with the hazards of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( AIDS ) which attacks the human immune system and can be transmitted through blood transfusions because of our critically accurate cheque system in topographic point and support from the FDA and Congress. Public consciousness without ignorance and fright is indispensable in covering with the AIDS rebellion. The development of this epidemic will non impact our blood contribution when over 14,000,000 blood constituents are transfused annually in the United States ( Blood Supply Safer 16 ) . Statistics reported in USA Today study over 20 per centum of HIV infections in grownups is found in North America and South America, yet merely one hundred infections in 1995 were related to blood constituents from transfusions ( Blood Supply Safer 16. ) The Red Cross promise s all people, immature or old, to go on to work with authorities bureaus to take down these Numberss. Because the class the HIV infection must go may take from six to ten old ages or more for the existent visual aspect of the systemic disease, research workers are protecting our blood Bankss by supervising alternate markers utilizing research lab informations associated with the HIV patterned advance ( Perrow and Guillen 42 ) . Our state has one of the most sophisticated blood showing processes in topographic point to procure and protect our population from this virus. The research group ab initio led by Robert Gallo has farther developed trials that will observe serum antibodies against the HIV virus bespeaking an single s exposure to the virus ( Encarta 96 ) . Each twelvemonth in the United States 1000000s of samples of blood are screened in blood Bankss, plasma centres, and research labs utilizing separate trials to observe the different protein constituents in HIV-1 and HIV-2. In add-on, due to the four to eight hebdomad clip oversight from exposure to the HIV virus to developing a positive HIV trial, other methods have been developed to observe other constituents of the virus instead than merely positive designation of the antibodies ( Perrow and Guillen 38-9 ) . All of these commissariats combined with precise quality control are identification steps in topographic point to protect our blood supply against future new strains of the HIV virus from around the universe. Through research and new engineering the Red Cross undertakings to go on take downing the national statistics by supplying our population with increased assurance in our state s blood supply. The Red Cross is besides subjecting all donated blood to trials for the retroviral infection caused by Hepatitis B. Because the liver is inflamed during Hepatitis B, with liver expansion and icterus development, chronic bearers may develop lasting liver harm. Symptoms found in Hepatitis B infections are fever, in darkness colored urine, loss of appetency, and extremely elevated liver enzymes and hematoidin degrees ( DeVincent-Hayes 20 ) . Once once more the indispensable and strict giver showing every bit good as collected units of blood being subjected to proving for the presence of Hepatitis B antibodies should mostly cut down public apprehensiveness sing infection from donated blood supplies. Due to Hepatitis B s strong opposition degree to sterilisation, the Red Cross is equipped with all updated techniques to forestall the giver and receiver from taint. Since the American Medical Association and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are decidedly promoting all kids and grownups to be vaccinated by the Hepatitis B vaccinum, the Red Cross undertakings that the statistic of one instance of Hepatitis B in every 5000 units of transfused blood will diminish dramatically ( DeVincent-Hayes 21 ) . The safety of our state s blood Bankss remains a top precedence with the Red Cross and our authorities. This serious duty shared by all medical professionals must go on to make higher wellness and safety standards for all persons whether they are a haemophiliac, a pregnant female parent and her unborn kid, or a senior citizen fixing for unfastened bosom surgery. Physicians must go on to teach and promote patients able to donate their ain blood prior to surgery to make so, advancing autologous blood contribution. The cause of our state s dismay and even apprehension of the demand for a blood transfusion must be laid to rest wholly by the beginning of the 21st century. Through the Red Cross educational and informational plans we will make this, every bit good as maintain our promise for the highest respect for persons wellness rights through continued quality precautions and future technological progresss to protect our state s blood supply.

Survivors Of The F-227 Essays - Andes Flight Disaster, Cannibalism

Survivors Of The F-227 This article is a disturbing occurrence of events that happened when a plane crashed in the Andes Mountains. The plane was filled with young rugby players from Uruguay. They were flying form Montevideo, Uruguay to Santiago Chile, a mere 900 miles away. They experienced turbulence on the trip and the pilot decided to stop in Mendoza Argentina for the night. The next day the turbulence had not improved very much, but the rugby players taunted the pilot, until he decided he would fly to Santiago, Chile. The team was now headed for their destination, and everything seemed fine. Suddenly, the plane disappeared into thick clouds. When clearing the clouds, the plane was right along side a mountain. The wing of the plane smashed into the mountain and broke free form the plane, taking the tail with it. The plane plummeted to the ground. Man members of the group were dead on impact. The remaining survivors did not have a food supply for nourishment, and the plane was invisible to rescue crews, for it blended into the snow. As the days dragged on, the need for nutrients grew even more serious. Many survivors could barley even walk throughout the snow anymore. There only choice left, was to eat the deceased from the plane crash. At first, no one wanted to eat his or her friends and relatives. This only lasted another week or so. They carelessly ate the bodies for a few weeks, until they eventually started a system of preserving the bodies, assigned jobs, and rationing. They did this until a few members were well enough to travel out to be rescued. Eventually they were rescued, but the government tried to keep it a secret. The information leaked out, and the media exploited them. This article disgusts me. I kept getting mental images of the survivors skinning the deceased and then eating their raw flesh. I usually can accept certain things outside of the norms in my society, but not cannibalism. This topic seems so wrong in mind, that the notion of cannibalism is completely preposterous. Sociology Issues

Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Essay Example

Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Essay Example Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Paper Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Paper Essay Topic: Analytical Dunkirk Literature The story takes place at the city of York. He was bon in this city and it is where he grew up. After their voyage they went to London, it is where he met new people and stayed there for years. After his second voyage the ship was attacked by pirates and he was brought in what seemed to be an inhabited place. After he run away from the pirates he saw a ship and thy decided to take him to Brazil and stayed there for two years. After this he decided to take another voyage. In his voyage their ship was bulged and slowly breaks to pieces. After that he didnt remember how he got in to that place, he was trapped there. When he saw men with cannibals and he save them same with the other prisoners. The captain of the ship gave him a reward and he requested to let him get back to England. Character: Robinson Crusoe A shipwrecked English man, he is brave man, faithful to god, he give mush importance to his friends and love ones. Xury The kid that he took with him escaping from Sallee River, he is hardworking it is shown when Crusoe save him he seemed to give a lot of help. Friday was the servant whom the captain gave him to help him in his work, he is also hardworking. Laddie his pet that he found at the ship after the storm, he was also brave, Summary: The novel of Robinson Crusoe was written by Daniel Defoe (1660 1731). It is a story of a merchant who is born of a rich family who decided to join the crew of shipmen where little by little he learns the way of life, through the mischiefs and troubles he encountered. The novel is based on a true to life story of Alexander Selkirk. He is a sailor of the Cinque Ports galley. He was shipwrecked and lived alone the island for years. Robinson Kreutzner was born in the year 1632 in a certain city of York. He was the third son of his parents who have a very good name. He has two brothers one of which becomes a colonel to an English regiment who was killed in Dunkirk, and the other one whom he knows nothing. Soon being the last child his father pressed him earnestly to take the inheritance his father will give him including the profession Robinson Crusoe never loved. He takes his own steps and decided to be a sailor on September 1651 Crusoe (he was later called by this name because of the corruption of words in England) went board a ship bound for London. The earlier part of the journey he realized that his having sea sickness. After the violent storm one of his shipmates told him that what he encountered is nothing compared to the things he experience. Crusoe realized that he have a very long way to go to, to be able to be a successful sailor. After a weeks of agonizing journey theyve reach London. In London Robinson has no idea where to go, but with the help of the captain ha was able to get shelter, Robinson has no hesitation with the help offered by the man in exchange that he would go voyage with him. With the help of the man ha was able to go to another voyage, unfortunately the man wasnt lucky enough to live. But still he continued his journey and while on the voyage there ship was attacked by pirates. He was brought in what seemed to be an inhabited place there he was keep captive. One day he volunteered to fish for the pirates. The pirates allow but with the accompaniment of one of the pirates and a servant. While fishing he pushed the man in the water and take Xury (the boy) with him. Through their journey, Xury seemed to give a lot of help. One time the boy help him to kill the lion while on their way searching for fellow men Crusoes attention was called by the coming of a Portuguese ship. The men decide to take the both of them to Brazil. The captain of the ship was kind enough to give a job to Crusoe, but this are not the only things he gave Crusoe. He was given things that he might need in his everyday life, he was also given a servant (Negroe named Friday) which help him in his work as a planter. Crusoe decided to another journey but since he dont have a single money left the captain help him in exchange for the service of the young boy Xury. He believes that the boy would have a better life with captain. So Crusoe joined the journey on the 1st day of September 1659, the exact same day eight years ago when he decided to join the trip. Only this time the weather seemed to be on their sides. Then at last Crusoe view something from afar he saw a very violent tornado it has been how many days that the wind blew hard and the sea gets higher and higher. Then it happened the ship slowly break into pieces. He didnt remember anything after that only that the time when he walked to the shore lifting his hands feeling about joy and grief after that he fell in a deep sleep. When he woke up it was broad daylight and the storm have subsided. Then he look from places to places then he saw the ship was bulged in the rocks not far from where he was. He went and look for things that is important to him, he was shock that laddie the ship dog was still alive, after he slowly move some parts of the ship to form a raft strong enough to carry things from the ship to the shore. He searches the island for possible place to build a shelter, he saw something that made him jump, he have killed a what seemed to be a hawk and a rabbit. He went back again and formed a second raft. This time he smuggled all he needs. Just as he went down of the ship a storm blew, luckily he was fast enough to smuggle things which has importance to him. He have a perfect view of the sea and a protection against the animals or beast slowly he transfer all the things from the shore. Then he wrote his journal to record. Little by little his life has been improving he was able to breed sheeps, fowls and was able to plant corn, but then another hurricane blew but he was able to overcome it, he became very ill that he was not able to take care oh his sheeps. He is also starting to study the different weather and by time he was able to cope with it. He decided to travel across the island. After two years he now has thirty to forty goats his been happily living his life. Until one day, something lifts his spirit when he saw foot prints of a man. For years Robinson cant sleep well he kept on thinking about those foot prints. One day upon returning to the side of the island he saw a group of people whom he easily identified as cannibals. He saw men with the cannibals and he saves them the same with the other prisoners. After what Crusoe did to the captain he offered him gold and he requested the captain to let him get back to England. After they arrived he learned that he is now very rich and decided to stay there and get married. Soon he found a wife and Friday live with them. Analysis: The novel is great novel because it is written in a very simple manner, yet the authors way of narrating the story implies in the reality that Robinson have seen through out his journeys and voyages. There are only few Philosophies during the time of Defoe that is being shown in the novel Here are some of them Every thing has an amount. During his time the women pay the dowry to marry the man it is repay the parents of the man all of the things they have done for him. In the novel this was shown during the time when Xury was exchange just to be able to join anther journey. The children decide for him. The parents dont care about what his childs wants to be as long as it will do him good. The person owes a dept to someone who has done him something good and can be repay when the other needs the help of the other. Moral of the Novel Robinson Crusoe during Daniel Defoes Time In the novel Robinson Crusoe there are many moral that Defoe is trying to teach us. He believes that by using the novel as a form of teaching the readers will learn more. Here are some of the different moral that Defoes been pointing out to the readers. Defoe is trying to show us that as long as we are alive there is no reason we must give up on our life. He is trying to each us that as long as we are alive we have the chance to change our life from right to wrong. And that we should not lose hope on the things that god will give us those challenges if he knows we can do it. He showed this throughout the novel. Crusoe didnt give up even thought all things have left him he just believe in his abilities and e never lose hope and fought through out the end. He is trying to teach us that we must always have faith in god. Because no matter what happen he is the only one that would stay with us. He showed this when Crusoe first joined the voyage to London. The moment the storm blew so hard. He just prayed and prayed until the storm subsided. The other one is during his last voyage he prayed to god though his crew members died he still was able to lie because of his faith. We must follow our heart and believe in our self. We must not follow others of what we will become. This was shown when he decided to become a sailor and turn the offer being given by his father. We must learn from our mistakes. Sometimes mistakes are the best teachers. Thats why we have mistakes is to be able to know our weaknesses and try to improve it. It is shown in the novel he chooses to repeat what happened before to him. There is always room for improvement. We are only human thats why every time we commit wrong things we are given another chance to improve things. This happened when he realized all his capabilities. Money has no importance in this world. It is just evil that has a form. What is important is the love other people has been trying to give us and that we are alive. We must cherish friendship. No matter what happen our true friends will always be there for us. They are the only ones that understand our weaknesses and strengths. Crusoe give big importance to his friends. For example he always take care Xury. And Friday he tried to teach him about the things he know. Conclusion: This novel shows a brilliant lesson and gives philosophies of the 15th century. And I believe that this novel is a very good one because it can relate to the life story of Robinson to the story of a normal teenage boy. And it really attracts the readers because the story is based on a true to life story.

Discuss the value of Information Technology and Management Information Research Paper - 1

Discuss the value of Information Technology and Management Information Technology to you and your chosen profession (mine is Accounting) - Research Paper Example On the other hand, Accounting is an important aspect of all companies. Unlike IT and MIS, Accounting has been in existence for the longest time. This mainly addresses the financial state of a company. It involves bookkeeping, which involves bank statements, company ledgers, and the overall tracking of finances in the company, including money in, money out, and business assets. Today, there is a high level of interaction between different disciplines. Similarly, the fields of accounting, IT, and MIS show a high level of interaction, as the field of accounting adopts the skills and knowledge of IT and MIS in its processes. Nonetheless, the nature of IT and MIS make them to be applicable in diverse disciplines. This paper therefore, will focus on the value of information technology and management information systems in the field of accounting. The field of accounting today has become dependent on information technology and management information systems, as it adopts various elements in these, to enhance the efficiency of its processes. In information technology, there are a myriad of new integration approaches, as well as effective methods of managing data. Therefore, use of information technology translates into increased efficiency in data retrieval and storage, and overall management of data in accounting. Therefore, this aspect of information technology is valuable in accounting, since it makes the different procedures and processes in accounting to be simple, and leads to an increased and focused use of computed information in the field. Therefore, with regard to efficiency in accounting, information technology has played the major role in achieving this. Nonetheless, with the advancements in information technology, it is expected that the field of accounting will as well adopt the new techniques in information tech nology, and therefore, increase its

Organizational communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational communication - Essay Example Talking is a skill which is a physical ability of every human being. However doing that task in an effective manner is termed as â€Å"communication†. Communication is all about sharing one’s ideas, opinions, information and feelings.The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organizations. It is a two way activity which requires a sender and a receiver. "Any act by which one person gives to or receives from another person, information about that person's needs desires, perceptions, knowledge, or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take linguistic or nonlinguistic forms, and may occur through spoken or other modes." (National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities, 1992, p. 2) The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organization s. The job includes identifying the issue which require attention, setting goals for it, designing a proper course of action, and evaluating and choosing amongst many alternative actions. ... Decision support system is a computerized system used for supporting rather than automating decisions. A decision is ideally choosing between alternatives which have an estimate value. Supporting a decision means helping people working alone or in a group gather intelligence, generate alternatives and make choices. Decision making is applicable to all walks of life, including decisions about what to buy, whom to vote for, or what job to take. The decision making process starts with the collection of information moving on to inference and judgment before finally choosing the right alternative. In order to understand the organization in total, understanding organizational communication is very important. "Organizational communication, broadly speaking, is: people working together to achieve individual or collective goals". Katherine Miller, p.1 The purpose of communication may range from completing a task or mission to creating and maintaining satisfying human relationships. The word transfer means a lot more than the simple process of the conception of an idea by the sender and interpretation of the same by the receiver. It stresses upon the mind of the sender which created the meaning followed by the recreation of it by the receiver. The intent of the communication fails if the interpretation of the senders mind is wrong. Organisational communication can include: Flow of Communication, Induction, Channels, meetings and interviews. Most recently, Organisational communication has advanced from a stage of communication between a sender and a receiver to a study of ways in which communication is not just the means to accomplish certain tasks within the organisational settings but also how the organisation we work for, affects

Ethics of Human Cloning Essay Example for Free

Ethics of Human Cloning Essay In 1971 James D. Watson claimed that one day human cloning would be workable and noted that â€Å"as many people as possible be informed about the new ways for human reproduction and their potential consequences, both good and bad†(Burley and Harris 2001, p. 69). Watsons statement was given little attention. In 1997, the birth of Dolly, today the worlds most famous sheep, caused widespread public excitement. Dolly became artificially produced clone and proof that cloning large animals like sheep or humans would be possible. More importantly perhaps, Dolly raises many different sorts of important questions for human beings. Human cloning has been met with widespread unease all over the world and generated a series of ethical issues that will be discussed in this paper. Main Body In opposition to productive cloning it is asserted that the method would be causing danger to human beings. For example, Dr Harry Griffin, the director of the Roslin Institute, Scotland, that successfully cloned Dolly the sheep indicates that: It would be irresponsible to try and clone a human being, given the present state of the technology†¦. The chances of success are so low it would be irresponsible to encourage people to think theres a real prospect. The risks are too great for the woman, and of course for the child (Griffin, 2001). However, while the possible success regarding human cloning may be low and there may be risks of undeveloped embryos, against this it could be claimed that similar arguments could have been directed against the potential efficiency of in vitro fertilization techniques (IVF). IVF was once considered unsuccessful but today is a well-developed and valued treatment for infertility. IVF would never have developed if negative reasons such as this were successfully used to oppose it. A second concern on the subject of human cloning is about the motivation of those who would want to clone themselves and others. On the one hand, it might be accepted that human cloning would make possible for infertile couples to produce genetically related children. On the other hand, there seems to be a worry that people may use human cloning not in order to found a family but with purpose to make a copy of themselves. In addition, there may be people who hope to produce copies of other living or dead individuals. For example, it was this motivation for cloning that was the theme of the fictional film The Boys from Brazil. In the film Hitlers genotype was cloned to produce a Fuehrer for the future (Harris 1998, p. 169). However, any clone of an existing person will not be a copy of that person. Having the same genotype as another individual does not make a clone the same individual and it is probable that effects from the egg and from the environment would make any clone considerably different from their genetic twin. While this may be so, it could be likely that those who employ human cloning with purpose to produce a copy of themselves or others will not be proper parents. As a result, the welfare of any produced child will suffer. The motivation of many parents to produce a child may also not withstand close examination. What would be a good motivation for wishing to have a sun or daughter? It could be claimed that all motivations to bring to birth a child are based, at least to some degree, on the selfish feelings of future parents. A third main concern on the regard of human cloning involves these kinds of worries about the well-being of the produced child. It may be possible that any child born as a result of nuclear somatic transfer cloning will experience disadvantage either because he/she is robbed of his/her genetic identity or because he/ she will not have an open future (Harris 1998, p. 169). To what extent is a cloned person robbed of his/her genetic identity? While most human beings are genetically unique, there seems to be no indication that permitting the birth of genetically identical twins derived from a single fertilized ovum robs anyone of their genetic identity or even that the fact that twins of this kind share a genetic identity is causing harm to these individuals. It could be stated, therefore, that it thus seems not clear why this factor should make human cloning unethical. It has been indicated (Holm, 1998) that clones created by means of nuclear somatic transfer cloning will live their lives in the shadow of their older genetic twin. As a result, the clones will not have the open future that most of ordinary people have and, it might be argued, human beings have a right to. Soren Holm, for example, argues that: Usually when a child is born we ask hypothetical questions like How will it develop? or What kind of person will it become? and we often answer them with reference to various psychological traits we can identify in the biological mother or father or in their families†¦In the case of the clone we are, however, likely to give much more specific answers to such questions. Answers that will then go on to affect the way the child is reared (Holm, 1998, pp. 160-161). Holms point of view is that producing a clone that lives life in the shadow of an older genetic twin is unethical as: It diminishes the clones possibility of living a life that is in a full sense of that word his or her life. The clone is forced to be involved in an attempt to perform a complicated partial re-enactment of the life of somebody else (the original) (Holm, 1998, p. 162). This means that while people usually claim for the importance of the moral principles of respect for individual autonomy or the power to make a decision for oneself without influence from outside, people are violating these principles by robbing clones this opportunity to live their lives in the way they want. The way the clones were produced will putt them in a position where they are living in a shadow. However, even if this claim is true that clones would live in the shadow of their genetic originals, it is not obvious that this fact should compel people to prohibit human cloning. Arguments that compel people to consider the well-being of a resulting child are questionable. It has been claimed that a person is only wronged by being brought to birth if he/she has a life so bad that it would be a cruelty rather than a kindness to bring it into existence (Bennett and Harris, 2002, p. 323). This kind of unfortunate existence is sometimes characterized as an unworthwhile life. An unworthwhile life would be a life of extremely negative experience and worsening. Other lives that may be not perfect, but not so worthless as to deprive that individual of an amazing experience of living, are termed worthwhile lives. In this regard, the statement is that as long as a person is likely to have a worthwhile life he/she is not disadvantaged by being brought to birth. Thus, even if a human clone is likely to have a life that is somehow less than ideal, his or her suffering is unlikely to be such that it makes life unworthwhile. It could therefore be claimed that while being born a clone may not be the ideal way of coming into the world, it is the only opportunity of existing in this world and to have a life that is likely to be worth living. If this position was considered, it would establish human cloning as ethically acceptable at least on the grounds of giving the child a right to exist. Conclusion The topic human cloning has a number of ethically puzzling if not problematic features. Cloning will be one of the most hotly debated and least well-understood phenomena in near future. Today human cloning meets with overwhelming opposition. However, it is clear that human cloning turns out to be the perfect embodiment of the ruling possibilities for new age.

Oedipus the King by Sopohocles Essay -- Oedipus King Sophocles Essays

Oedipus the King by Sopohocles Works Cited Not Included Throughout the play, Oedipus the King, Sophocles refers to site and blindness to relate attitudes and knowledge of the past. The irony of sight in this play can be marked by Oedipus’ inability to realize that which is evident to the reader. His extreme pride is his tragic flaw. It blinds him from the truth. Oedipus blinding himself symbolizes his increase of knowledge, his sensitivity, and gives him the ability to finally "see". He is now able to see the flaws of his hubris attitude, and the consequences of which his pride brought to him. From the very beginning, Oedipus was blinded by pride. With the city of Thebes dying, Creon comes from the god Apollo to tell how to stop the plaque. An example of Oedipus’ hubris is shown when he will not go into the palace to converse with Creon. He insists on talking in front of the crowd of citizens. Creon tells that the only way to stop the plaque is to find the killer of Lauis, the previous king. King Oedipus takes this task lightly, for he is the one who solved the riddle of the Sphinx, he surely could find the killer of royalty. This is another example of his tragic flaws, pride. When Oedipus vows to do everything in his power to find Laius’ killer, the leader of the chorus advises Oedipus that no one knows the identity of the murderer, and that the god Apollo should name him to the people. Oedipus replies "to force the gods to act against their will- no man has the power."(320) He has called on the blind seer who knows what the god Apollo sees. It is ironic that Tiresias can "see" what Oedipus can not though he suffers of old age and physical blindness. Tiresias, who is able to see the truth of the downfall of Oedipus thorough the oracle’s prophecy even in his own blindness, becomes the comparative image from which Oedipus is judged, both by himself and by others. Throughout the conversation between Oedipus and Tiresias, he will not divulge the information King Oedipus is longing to hear. "I’d rather not cause pain to you or me. So why this†¦useless interrogation? You’ll get nothing from me" (321) Tiresias says. This enrages Oedipus and he blames him for the murder, and then for conspiring with Creon to take his throne. These accusations Oedipus makes are caused by his fear of the truth he is too blind to see. This blame causes an argument... ...dentity from this man, that he even speaks of torture to get him to talk. From the way the man speaks to the other shepherd, "Damn you, shut your mouth—quite!" (346) You can tell that Oedipus is not going to like what this messenger has to say. He to owns the knowledge that is blinding Oedipus. But he will soon know and the knowledge of himself will set him free, and he will be able to understand his faults. When Oedipus finally realizes that the prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother had came true, he was over come with shame. He goes to Jocasta’s quarters, where she had taken her own life, and gouged out his eyes with the broach that she wore. In the end, Oedipus gains insight into his life, his failings, and the nature of the gods and fate only through his own blindness, only through accepting the truth of his lack of vision, and his inability to impact fate. Oedipus gains a compassionate, though tragic outlook because of his capacity to envision that which he could never see while he had his physical sight. Through hi s blindness, Oedipus is finally allowed the ability to see himself, and this is the irony of sight in Sophocles’ play Oedipus the King.

Disparities in Diagnosis of Depression

In the paper, â€Å"Disparities in Diagnosis of Depression†, the author has made a mention of the problem of African-Americans being less likely to report, getting evaluated or diagnosed for depression, mania or anxiety than their White Counterparts (Gary 2005). This paper would be concentrating on the reasons for this problem. In history, African Americans have been the victims of chattel slavery and many people felt that they could be suffering from certain mental changes.Many people considered them to be suffering from a psychiatric disorder known as ‘draptemania’ (characterized by the need to flee from captivity). Although, African-Americans have an inherent nature not to get depressed very easily because of their apparent happy character, the condition is also at a greater risk of going undiagnosed, under-diagnosed or even misdiagnosed. This was a concern existing since a long time and even till today this problem is existing (Baker, 2000, pp. 3167).Minority communities especially African-American’s may make up a vital portion of the US population, and if health problems exist, the health status, economic welfare and quality of living of the entire nation would certainly be affected. Only a small portion of the minority population would be receiving ideal mental healthcare (Reus, 2001). It may not be felt that the mental health services for the African-American Communities should be improved as the risk of developing depression is comparatively lower compared to the White population.Besides, the mental health services may be only developed to lower the occurrence of mental disorders rather than treating a much bigger problem (which could be increasing the risk of developing the disorder) (Witt, 2006). Many of the healthcare providers (such as hospitals, public healthcare settings, etc) tend to focus a lot on the ethnicity of the patients (usually the color the skin) rather than on the individual healthcare requirements and the se veral socio-economic factors.Several of these providers assume certain problems or issues to have occurred (such as social problems, racial issues, trauma, alienation, etc), which would be responsible for the mental health disorder. The African-American Population may have certain negative experiences with the healthcare system, and hence in the future this ethnic group would develop negative feelings towards the system, thus reducing their reliance on it.Hence, such individuals are less likely to go to the healthcare providers to seek medical care, and in such instances several mental disorders would go undiagnosed and untreated (Mallett, 2000). Several individuals belonging to the minority community may not seek mental health services as they may fear that they may be misunderstood and further they may undergo ill-treatment due to the prevailing lags in culture, ethnicity, language and literary levels.Many of the African-Americans who are seeking mental health services may be lock ed or held in the hospital wards and forced to undergo treatment. They may be administered drugs in greater than normal dosage and all laws and regulations regarding management may be ignored, misused and by-passed. The White Physicians may be biased while diagnosing and treating African-American mental patients. They may discriminate them racially and be arrogant with them.Some physicians may genuinely have a problem with African-American patients as they may not know the patient’s language and culture (Mallett, 2000). Besides this, several other causes such as homelessness, the presence of several other general disorders, access to illegal drugs, lower levels of insurance coverage, etc, amongst African-American population were responsible for the lower chances of several mental disorders getting evaluated and treated (O'toole, T. P. , Pollini, R. , Gray, P. & Jones, T. ; 2007).

What Is the Definition of Abortion

Abortion is the intentional termination of a pregnancy after conception. It allows women to put an end to their pregnancies  but involves killing the undeveloped embryo or fetus. For this reason, it is a very controversial subject in American politics. Supporters of abortion rights argue that the embryo or fetus is not a person, or at least that the government has no right to ban abortion unless it can prove that an embryo or fetus is a person.Opponents of abortion rights argue that the embryo or fetus is a person, or at least that the government has a responsibility to ban abortion until it can prove that an embryo or fetus is not a person. Although opponents of abortion often frame their objections in religious terms, abortion is never mentioned in the Bible.Abortion has been legal in every U.S. state since 1973  when the Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade (1973) that women have the right to make medical decisions about their own bodies. Fetuses also have rights, but only after the pregnancy has progressed to the point where the fetus can be viewed as an independent person. In medical terms, this is defined as the viability threshold -- the point at which a fetus can survive outside of the womb -- which is currently 22 to 24 we eks.Abortions have been performed for at least 3,500 years, as evidenced by their mention in the Ebers Papyrus (ca. 1550 BCE).The word abortion comes from the Latin root aboriri (ab off the mark, oriri to be born or rise). Until the 19th century, both miscarriages and intentional terminations of pregnancies were referred to as abortions. More About Abortion and Reproductive Rights Reproductive Rights in the United StatesWhat If Roe v. Wade Were Overturned?Womens Reproductive Rights the U.S.ConstitutionKey Arguments For and Against Abortion