Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Essay Example

Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Essay Example Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Paper Robinson Crusoe Analytical Paper Paper Essay Topic: Analytical Dunkirk Literature The story takes place at the city of York. He was bon in this city and it is where he grew up. After their voyage they went to London, it is where he met new people and stayed there for years. After his second voyage the ship was attacked by pirates and he was brought in what seemed to be an inhabited place. After he run away from the pirates he saw a ship and thy decided to take him to Brazil and stayed there for two years. After this he decided to take another voyage. In his voyage their ship was bulged and slowly breaks to pieces. After that he didnt remember how he got in to that place, he was trapped there. When he saw men with cannibals and he save them same with the other prisoners. The captain of the ship gave him a reward and he requested to let him get back to England. Character: Robinson Crusoe A shipwrecked English man, he is brave man, faithful to god, he give mush importance to his friends and love ones. Xury The kid that he took with him escaping from Sallee River, he is hardworking it is shown when Crusoe save him he seemed to give a lot of help. Friday was the servant whom the captain gave him to help him in his work, he is also hardworking. Laddie his pet that he found at the ship after the storm, he was also brave, Summary: The novel of Robinson Crusoe was written by Daniel Defoe (1660 1731). It is a story of a merchant who is born of a rich family who decided to join the crew of shipmen where little by little he learns the way of life, through the mischiefs and troubles he encountered. The novel is based on a true to life story of Alexander Selkirk. He is a sailor of the Cinque Ports galley. He was shipwrecked and lived alone the island for years. Robinson Kreutzner was born in the year 1632 in a certain city of York. He was the third son of his parents who have a very good name. He has two brothers one of which becomes a colonel to an English regiment who was killed in Dunkirk, and the other one whom he knows nothing. Soon being the last child his father pressed him earnestly to take the inheritance his father will give him including the profession Robinson Crusoe never loved. He takes his own steps and decided to be a sailor on September 1651 Crusoe (he was later called by this name because of the corruption of words in England) went board a ship bound for London. The earlier part of the journey he realized that his having sea sickness. After the violent storm one of his shipmates told him that what he encountered is nothing compared to the things he experience. Crusoe realized that he have a very long way to go to, to be able to be a successful sailor. After a weeks of agonizing journey theyve reach London. In London Robinson has no idea where to go, but with the help of the captain ha was able to get shelter, Robinson has no hesitation with the help offered by the man in exchange that he would go voyage with him. With the help of the man ha was able to go to another voyage, unfortunately the man wasnt lucky enough to live. But still he continued his journey and while on the voyage there ship was attacked by pirates. He was brought in what seemed to be an inhabited place there he was keep captive. One day he volunteered to fish for the pirates. The pirates allow but with the accompaniment of one of the pirates and a servant. While fishing he pushed the man in the water and take Xury (the boy) with him. Through their journey, Xury seemed to give a lot of help. One time the boy help him to kill the lion while on their way searching for fellow men Crusoes attention was called by the coming of a Portuguese ship. The men decide to take the both of them to Brazil. The captain of the ship was kind enough to give a job to Crusoe, but this are not the only things he gave Crusoe. He was given things that he might need in his everyday life, he was also given a servant (Negroe named Friday) which help him in his work as a planter. Crusoe decided to another journey but since he dont have a single money left the captain help him in exchange for the service of the young boy Xury. He believes that the boy would have a better life with captain. So Crusoe joined the journey on the 1st day of September 1659, the exact same day eight years ago when he decided to join the trip. Only this time the weather seemed to be on their sides. Then at last Crusoe view something from afar he saw a very violent tornado it has been how many days that the wind blew hard and the sea gets higher and higher. Then it happened the ship slowly break into pieces. He didnt remember anything after that only that the time when he walked to the shore lifting his hands feeling about joy and grief after that he fell in a deep sleep. When he woke up it was broad daylight and the storm have subsided. Then he look from places to places then he saw the ship was bulged in the rocks not far from where he was. He went and look for things that is important to him, he was shock that laddie the ship dog was still alive, after he slowly move some parts of the ship to form a raft strong enough to carry things from the ship to the shore. He searches the island for possible place to build a shelter, he saw something that made him jump, he have killed a what seemed to be a hawk and a rabbit. He went back again and formed a second raft. This time he smuggled all he needs. Just as he went down of the ship a storm blew, luckily he was fast enough to smuggle things which has importance to him. He have a perfect view of the sea and a protection against the animals or beast slowly he transfer all the things from the shore. Then he wrote his journal to record. Little by little his life has been improving he was able to breed sheeps, fowls and was able to plant corn, but then another hurricane blew but he was able to overcome it, he became very ill that he was not able to take care oh his sheeps. He is also starting to study the different weather and by time he was able to cope with it. He decided to travel across the island. After two years he now has thirty to forty goats his been happily living his life. Until one day, something lifts his spirit when he saw foot prints of a man. For years Robinson cant sleep well he kept on thinking about those foot prints. One day upon returning to the side of the island he saw a group of people whom he easily identified as cannibals. He saw men with the cannibals and he saves them the same with the other prisoners. After what Crusoe did to the captain he offered him gold and he requested the captain to let him get back to England. After they arrived he learned that he is now very rich and decided to stay there and get married. Soon he found a wife and Friday live with them. Analysis: The novel is great novel because it is written in a very simple manner, yet the authors way of narrating the story implies in the reality that Robinson have seen through out his journeys and voyages. There are only few Philosophies during the time of Defoe that is being shown in the novel Here are some of them Every thing has an amount. During his time the women pay the dowry to marry the man it is repay the parents of the man all of the things they have done for him. In the novel this was shown during the time when Xury was exchange just to be able to join anther journey. The children decide for him. The parents dont care about what his childs wants to be as long as it will do him good. The person owes a dept to someone who has done him something good and can be repay when the other needs the help of the other. Moral of the Novel Robinson Crusoe during Daniel Defoes Time In the novel Robinson Crusoe there are many moral that Defoe is trying to teach us. He believes that by using the novel as a form of teaching the readers will learn more. Here are some of the different moral that Defoes been pointing out to the readers. Defoe is trying to show us that as long as we are alive there is no reason we must give up on our life. He is trying to each us that as long as we are alive we have the chance to change our life from right to wrong. And that we should not lose hope on the things that god will give us those challenges if he knows we can do it. He showed this throughout the novel. Crusoe didnt give up even thought all things have left him he just believe in his abilities and e never lose hope and fought through out the end. He is trying to teach us that we must always have faith in god. Because no matter what happen he is the only one that would stay with us. He showed this when Crusoe first joined the voyage to London. The moment the storm blew so hard. He just prayed and prayed until the storm subsided. The other one is during his last voyage he prayed to god though his crew members died he still was able to lie because of his faith. We must follow our heart and believe in our self. We must not follow others of what we will become. This was shown when he decided to become a sailor and turn the offer being given by his father. We must learn from our mistakes. Sometimes mistakes are the best teachers. Thats why we have mistakes is to be able to know our weaknesses and try to improve it. It is shown in the novel he chooses to repeat what happened before to him. There is always room for improvement. We are only human thats why every time we commit wrong things we are given another chance to improve things. This happened when he realized all his capabilities. Money has no importance in this world. It is just evil that has a form. What is important is the love other people has been trying to give us and that we are alive. We must cherish friendship. No matter what happen our true friends will always be there for us. They are the only ones that understand our weaknesses and strengths. Crusoe give big importance to his friends. For example he always take care Xury. And Friday he tried to teach him about the things he know. Conclusion: This novel shows a brilliant lesson and gives philosophies of the 15th century. And I believe that this novel is a very good one because it can relate to the life story of Robinson to the story of a normal teenage boy. And it really attracts the readers because the story is based on a true to life story.

Discuss the value of Information Technology and Management Information Research Paper - 1

Discuss the value of Information Technology and Management Information Technology to you and your chosen profession (mine is Accounting) - Research Paper Example On the other hand, Accounting is an important aspect of all companies. Unlike IT and MIS, Accounting has been in existence for the longest time. This mainly addresses the financial state of a company. It involves bookkeeping, which involves bank statements, company ledgers, and the overall tracking of finances in the company, including money in, money out, and business assets. Today, there is a high level of interaction between different disciplines. Similarly, the fields of accounting, IT, and MIS show a high level of interaction, as the field of accounting adopts the skills and knowledge of IT and MIS in its processes. Nonetheless, the nature of IT and MIS make them to be applicable in diverse disciplines. This paper therefore, will focus on the value of information technology and management information systems in the field of accounting. The field of accounting today has become dependent on information technology and management information systems, as it adopts various elements in these, to enhance the efficiency of its processes. In information technology, there are a myriad of new integration approaches, as well as effective methods of managing data. Therefore, use of information technology translates into increased efficiency in data retrieval and storage, and overall management of data in accounting. Therefore, this aspect of information technology is valuable in accounting, since it makes the different procedures and processes in accounting to be simple, and leads to an increased and focused use of computed information in the field. Therefore, with regard to efficiency in accounting, information technology has played the major role in achieving this. Nonetheless, with the advancements in information technology, it is expected that the field of accounting will as well adopt the new techniques in information tech nology, and therefore, increase its

Organizational communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational communication - Essay Example Talking is a skill which is a physical ability of every human being. However doing that task in an effective manner is termed as â€Å"communication†. Communication is all about sharing one’s ideas, opinions, information and feelings.The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organizations. It is a two way activity which requires a sender and a receiver. "Any act by which one person gives to or receives from another person, information about that person's needs desires, perceptions, knowledge, or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take linguistic or nonlinguistic forms, and may occur through spoken or other modes." (National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities, 1992, p. 2) The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organization s. The job includes identifying the issue which require attention, setting goals for it, designing a proper course of action, and evaluating and choosing amongst many alternative actions. ... Decision support system is a computerized system used for supporting rather than automating decisions. A decision is ideally choosing between alternatives which have an estimate value. Supporting a decision means helping people working alone or in a group gather intelligence, generate alternatives and make choices. Decision making is applicable to all walks of life, including decisions about what to buy, whom to vote for, or what job to take. The decision making process starts with the collection of information moving on to inference and judgment before finally choosing the right alternative. In order to understand the organization in total, understanding organizational communication is very important. "Organizational communication, broadly speaking, is: people working together to achieve individual or collective goals". Katherine Miller, p.1 The purpose of communication may range from completing a task or mission to creating and maintaining satisfying human relationships. The word transfer means a lot more than the simple process of the conception of an idea by the sender and interpretation of the same by the receiver. It stresses upon the mind of the sender which created the meaning followed by the recreation of it by the receiver. The intent of the communication fails if the interpretation of the senders mind is wrong. Organisational communication can include: Flow of Communication, Induction, Channels, meetings and interviews. Most recently, Organisational communication has advanced from a stage of communication between a sender and a receiver to a study of ways in which communication is not just the means to accomplish certain tasks within the organisational settings but also how the organisation we work for, affects

Ethics of Human Cloning Essay Example for Free

Ethics of Human Cloning Essay In 1971 James D. Watson claimed that one day human cloning would be workable and noted that â€Å"as many people as possible be informed about the new ways for human reproduction and their potential consequences, both good and bad†(Burley and Harris 2001, p. 69). Watsons statement was given little attention. In 1997, the birth of Dolly, today the worlds most famous sheep, caused widespread public excitement. Dolly became artificially produced clone and proof that cloning large animals like sheep or humans would be possible. More importantly perhaps, Dolly raises many different sorts of important questions for human beings. Human cloning has been met with widespread unease all over the world and generated a series of ethical issues that will be discussed in this paper. Main Body In opposition to productive cloning it is asserted that the method would be causing danger to human beings. For example, Dr Harry Griffin, the director of the Roslin Institute, Scotland, that successfully cloned Dolly the sheep indicates that: It would be irresponsible to try and clone a human being, given the present state of the technology†¦. The chances of success are so low it would be irresponsible to encourage people to think theres a real prospect. The risks are too great for the woman, and of course for the child (Griffin, 2001). However, while the possible success regarding human cloning may be low and there may be risks of undeveloped embryos, against this it could be claimed that similar arguments could have been directed against the potential efficiency of in vitro fertilization techniques (IVF). IVF was once considered unsuccessful but today is a well-developed and valued treatment for infertility. IVF would never have developed if negative reasons such as this were successfully used to oppose it. A second concern on the subject of human cloning is about the motivation of those who would want to clone themselves and others. On the one hand, it might be accepted that human cloning would make possible for infertile couples to produce genetically related children. On the other hand, there seems to be a worry that people may use human cloning not in order to found a family but with purpose to make a copy of themselves. In addition, there may be people who hope to produce copies of other living or dead individuals. For example, it was this motivation for cloning that was the theme of the fictional film The Boys from Brazil. In the film Hitlers genotype was cloned to produce a Fuehrer for the future (Harris 1998, p. 169). However, any clone of an existing person will not be a copy of that person. Having the same genotype as another individual does not make a clone the same individual and it is probable that effects from the egg and from the environment would make any clone considerably different from their genetic twin. While this may be so, it could be likely that those who employ human cloning with purpose to produce a copy of themselves or others will not be proper parents. As a result, the welfare of any produced child will suffer. The motivation of many parents to produce a child may also not withstand close examination. What would be a good motivation for wishing to have a sun or daughter? It could be claimed that all motivations to bring to birth a child are based, at least to some degree, on the selfish feelings of future parents. A third main concern on the regard of human cloning involves these kinds of worries about the well-being of the produced child. It may be possible that any child born as a result of nuclear somatic transfer cloning will experience disadvantage either because he/she is robbed of his/her genetic identity or because he/ she will not have an open future (Harris 1998, p. 169). To what extent is a cloned person robbed of his/her genetic identity? While most human beings are genetically unique, there seems to be no indication that permitting the birth of genetically identical twins derived from a single fertilized ovum robs anyone of their genetic identity or even that the fact that twins of this kind share a genetic identity is causing harm to these individuals. It could be stated, therefore, that it thus seems not clear why this factor should make human cloning unethical. It has been indicated (Holm, 1998) that clones created by means of nuclear somatic transfer cloning will live their lives in the shadow of their older genetic twin. As a result, the clones will not have the open future that most of ordinary people have and, it might be argued, human beings have a right to. Soren Holm, for example, argues that: Usually when a child is born we ask hypothetical questions like How will it develop? or What kind of person will it become? and we often answer them with reference to various psychological traits we can identify in the biological mother or father or in their families†¦In the case of the clone we are, however, likely to give much more specific answers to such questions. Answers that will then go on to affect the way the child is reared (Holm, 1998, pp. 160-161). Holms point of view is that producing a clone that lives life in the shadow of an older genetic twin is unethical as: It diminishes the clones possibility of living a life that is in a full sense of that word his or her life. The clone is forced to be involved in an attempt to perform a complicated partial re-enactment of the life of somebody else (the original) (Holm, 1998, p. 162). This means that while people usually claim for the importance of the moral principles of respect for individual autonomy or the power to make a decision for oneself without influence from outside, people are violating these principles by robbing clones this opportunity to live their lives in the way they want. The way the clones were produced will putt them in a position where they are living in a shadow. However, even if this claim is true that clones would live in the shadow of their genetic originals, it is not obvious that this fact should compel people to prohibit human cloning. Arguments that compel people to consider the well-being of a resulting child are questionable. It has been claimed that a person is only wronged by being brought to birth if he/she has a life so bad that it would be a cruelty rather than a kindness to bring it into existence (Bennett and Harris, 2002, p. 323). This kind of unfortunate existence is sometimes characterized as an unworthwhile life. An unworthwhile life would be a life of extremely negative experience and worsening. Other lives that may be not perfect, but not so worthless as to deprive that individual of an amazing experience of living, are termed worthwhile lives. In this regard, the statement is that as long as a person is likely to have a worthwhile life he/she is not disadvantaged by being brought to birth. Thus, even if a human clone is likely to have a life that is somehow less than ideal, his or her suffering is unlikely to be such that it makes life unworthwhile. It could therefore be claimed that while being born a clone may not be the ideal way of coming into the world, it is the only opportunity of existing in this world and to have a life that is likely to be worth living. If this position was considered, it would establish human cloning as ethically acceptable at least on the grounds of giving the child a right to exist. Conclusion The topic human cloning has a number of ethically puzzling if not problematic features. Cloning will be one of the most hotly debated and least well-understood phenomena in near future. Today human cloning meets with overwhelming opposition. However, it is clear that human cloning turns out to be the perfect embodiment of the ruling possibilities for new age.

Oedipus the King by Sopohocles Essay -- Oedipus King Sophocles Essays

Oedipus the King by Sopohocles Works Cited Not Included Throughout the play, Oedipus the King, Sophocles refers to site and blindness to relate attitudes and knowledge of the past. The irony of sight in this play can be marked by Oedipus’ inability to realize that which is evident to the reader. His extreme pride is his tragic flaw. It blinds him from the truth. Oedipus blinding himself symbolizes his increase of knowledge, his sensitivity, and gives him the ability to finally "see". He is now able to see the flaws of his hubris attitude, and the consequences of which his pride brought to him. From the very beginning, Oedipus was blinded by pride. With the city of Thebes dying, Creon comes from the god Apollo to tell how to stop the plaque. An example of Oedipus’ hubris is shown when he will not go into the palace to converse with Creon. He insists on talking in front of the crowd of citizens. Creon tells that the only way to stop the plaque is to find the killer of Lauis, the previous king. King Oedipus takes this task lightly, for he is the one who solved the riddle of the Sphinx, he surely could find the killer of royalty. This is another example of his tragic flaws, pride. When Oedipus vows to do everything in his power to find Laius’ killer, the leader of the chorus advises Oedipus that no one knows the identity of the murderer, and that the god Apollo should name him to the people. Oedipus replies "to force the gods to act against their will- no man has the power."(320) He has called on the blind seer who knows what the god Apollo sees. It is ironic that Tiresias can "see" what Oedipus can not though he suffers of old age and physical blindness. Tiresias, who is able to see the truth of the downfall of Oedipus thorough the oracle’s prophecy even in his own blindness, becomes the comparative image from which Oedipus is judged, both by himself and by others. Throughout the conversation between Oedipus and Tiresias, he will not divulge the information King Oedipus is longing to hear. "I’d rather not cause pain to you or me. So why this†¦useless interrogation? You’ll get nothing from me" (321) Tiresias says. This enrages Oedipus and he blames him for the murder, and then for conspiring with Creon to take his throne. These accusations Oedipus makes are caused by his fear of the truth he is too blind to see. This blame causes an argument... ...dentity from this man, that he even speaks of torture to get him to talk. From the way the man speaks to the other shepherd, "Damn you, shut your mouth—quite!" (346) You can tell that Oedipus is not going to like what this messenger has to say. He to owns the knowledge that is blinding Oedipus. But he will soon know and the knowledge of himself will set him free, and he will be able to understand his faults. When Oedipus finally realizes that the prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother had came true, he was over come with shame. He goes to Jocasta’s quarters, where she had taken her own life, and gouged out his eyes with the broach that she wore. In the end, Oedipus gains insight into his life, his failings, and the nature of the gods and fate only through his own blindness, only through accepting the truth of his lack of vision, and his inability to impact fate. Oedipus gains a compassionate, though tragic outlook because of his capacity to envision that which he could never see while he had his physical sight. Through hi s blindness, Oedipus is finally allowed the ability to see himself, and this is the irony of sight in Sophocles’ play Oedipus the King.

Disparities in Diagnosis of Depression

In the paper, â€Å"Disparities in Diagnosis of Depression†, the author has made a mention of the problem of African-Americans being less likely to report, getting evaluated or diagnosed for depression, mania or anxiety than their White Counterparts (Gary 2005). This paper would be concentrating on the reasons for this problem. In history, African Americans have been the victims of chattel slavery and many people felt that they could be suffering from certain mental changes.Many people considered them to be suffering from a psychiatric disorder known as ‘draptemania’ (characterized by the need to flee from captivity). Although, African-Americans have an inherent nature not to get depressed very easily because of their apparent happy character, the condition is also at a greater risk of going undiagnosed, under-diagnosed or even misdiagnosed. This was a concern existing since a long time and even till today this problem is existing (Baker, 2000, pp. 3167).Minority communities especially African-American’s may make up a vital portion of the US population, and if health problems exist, the health status, economic welfare and quality of living of the entire nation would certainly be affected. Only a small portion of the minority population would be receiving ideal mental healthcare (Reus, 2001). It may not be felt that the mental health services for the African-American Communities should be improved as the risk of developing depression is comparatively lower compared to the White population.Besides, the mental health services may be only developed to lower the occurrence of mental disorders rather than treating a much bigger problem (which could be increasing the risk of developing the disorder) (Witt, 2006). Many of the healthcare providers (such as hospitals, public healthcare settings, etc) tend to focus a lot on the ethnicity of the patients (usually the color the skin) rather than on the individual healthcare requirements and the se veral socio-economic factors.Several of these providers assume certain problems or issues to have occurred (such as social problems, racial issues, trauma, alienation, etc), which would be responsible for the mental health disorder. The African-American Population may have certain negative experiences with the healthcare system, and hence in the future this ethnic group would develop negative feelings towards the system, thus reducing their reliance on it.Hence, such individuals are less likely to go to the healthcare providers to seek medical care, and in such instances several mental disorders would go undiagnosed and untreated (Mallett, 2000). Several individuals belonging to the minority community may not seek mental health services as they may fear that they may be misunderstood and further they may undergo ill-treatment due to the prevailing lags in culture, ethnicity, language and literary levels.Many of the African-Americans who are seeking mental health services may be lock ed or held in the hospital wards and forced to undergo treatment. They may be administered drugs in greater than normal dosage and all laws and regulations regarding management may be ignored, misused and by-passed. The White Physicians may be biased while diagnosing and treating African-American mental patients. They may discriminate them racially and be arrogant with them.Some physicians may genuinely have a problem with African-American patients as they may not know the patient’s language and culture (Mallett, 2000). Besides this, several other causes such as homelessness, the presence of several other general disorders, access to illegal drugs, lower levels of insurance coverage, etc, amongst African-American population were responsible for the lower chances of several mental disorders getting evaluated and treated (O'toole, T. P. , Pollini, R. , Gray, P. & Jones, T. ; 2007).

What Is the Definition of Abortion

Abortion is the intentional termination of a pregnancy after conception. It allows women to put an end to their pregnancies  but involves killing the undeveloped embryo or fetus. For this reason, it is a very controversial subject in American politics. Supporters of abortion rights argue that the embryo or fetus is not a person, or at least that the government has no right to ban abortion unless it can prove that an embryo or fetus is a person.Opponents of abortion rights argue that the embryo or fetus is a person, or at least that the government has a responsibility to ban abortion until it can prove that an embryo or fetus is not a person. Although opponents of abortion often frame their objections in religious terms, abortion is never mentioned in the Bible.Abortion has been legal in every U.S. state since 1973  when the Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade (1973) that women have the right to make medical decisions about their own bodies. Fetuses also have rights, but only after the pregnancy has progressed to the point where the fetus can be viewed as an independent person. In medical terms, this is defined as the viability threshold -- the point at which a fetus can survive outside of the womb -- which is currently 22 to 24 we eks.Abortions have been performed for at least 3,500 years, as evidenced by their mention in the Ebers Papyrus (ca. 1550 BCE).The word abortion comes from the Latin root aboriri (ab off the mark, oriri to be born or rise). Until the 19th century, both miscarriages and intentional terminations of pregnancies were referred to as abortions. More About Abortion and Reproductive Rights Reproductive Rights in the United StatesWhat If Roe v. Wade Were Overturned?Womens Reproductive Rights the U.S.ConstitutionKey Arguments For and Against Abortion